Process of roasting coffee.



UNITED sTATEs PATENT ,'oEEroE'.

o EMILIO :DE MATTIA, E ItEcoARo, ITAI.YAND eIAoMo DE MATTIA, `or sA1\I`IAoI..o,`

i BRAZIL.

`1 ItocEss or. ItoAsTINccoFEEE.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Application led April I), 1907. Serial No. 367,297.

, deliver the roasted coffee in the best ycondiytion possible.

In the accompanying drawings, we have shown apparatus which'may be usefully emfeo ployed in carrying out said process,

Referring to said drawings, Figure 1 shows, diagrammaticall'yl and in vertical section, apparatus for torrefaction of the coffee, while Fig. 2 shows, also diagrammatically and in vertical section, the apparatus for refrigerating the coffee. I

By the new process, the coffee is roasted in an appropriate torrefactor, placed in communication with, two Woulfes `bottles connected in series, the first containing water, and the second containing a solution of discolored fuchsin with 0.25% of sulfurous anhydrid. An'aspirator, connected with said bottles, serves to aspire the lgases which develop during the process of torrefaction. The apirator forces the gases Given off by the co ee throughthe two WouIfes bottles; the water in the first of these retainsthe pyridiccompounds, while a characteristic and important phenomenon 'takes place vin the second, for when the coffee is perfectly roasted the solution in bottle No. 2 assumes an intense violet coloring. When the torrefaction has attained its point 'of perfection, as indicated by the above said violet coloring, the roasted coffee isv poured into a refrigerator, cooled by ice, and having its interior excluded from the airland previously filled with carbonio acid, thus assuring. rapid coolingand also avoiding the oxidation and volatilization of the oils ofthe 'coffee berries.

The coffee is. subsequently` allowed vto drop into metal receptacles filled withf carbonio aratus which maybeemloyed consists cylindrical furnace b also made of metal, and

all, a, which is rotatably supported in :a

turned on its'own axis by means of a crank or motor, and is supported by the sides of Patented Dec. l14., 1909.

' which is heated with coal. TheV lball is the furnace and by two metallic uprights, c

and d, united at the base of the furnace by an articulated foot, to allow the ball` to be taken out of the furnace precisely above the opening of the refrigerator.

The ball, as shown, terminates, at the right I hand side of its axis, in `,a tubee, whlch serves for carrymg off the gases and perder, having to be quickly united with anddef.

'forms the functions of a sleeve of one of the tached frein the ball, is furnished with a collar slidingJ in a coupling box, supported by an arm fixed to the lower part of the furnace. The illustrated roasting. apparatus does not require theuse of an assayer, Inorder to ascertaln the exact state of torrefaction, as v the completion of torrefaction may be ascertained by the'coloring of the second Woulfes bottle, h,-as above stated. The intense violet color of the solution in bottle No. 2 is the indication of the ing of the coffee. I The refrigerator' (Fig. 2) consists of two vertical .concentric cylindrical bodies fn. and o, of which o is a little longer than n. The body n is filled with ice, while the body 0 is surrounded by ice. The annular'space g between the two cylinders, is reserved for the cogifee. The'body n has at its upper and lower ends cones, the cylinder o ends, at its lower part, in a truncated cone tending parallel with the lower cone of the part, n, and passes into a small discharge cylindenhermetic'ally closed by a plug. The body 0 is widened, at its upper part, to form an upset truncated cone, which facilitates the filling Adumped into the refrigeratorlfrom the torrefactor, and is divided anddistributed, by

,the upper cone of body fn., all aroundV the annular space g. It is' left -a few minutes in the refrigerator, during which time av small current of vcarbonio anhydrid is passed perfect and completeroastthrough the coffee. When the .refrigerating process isnished, the small discharge cyl" inder Will be opened and the coffee dumped into the tinned iron-plate vessels.

By the process constituting the subjectmsitter of the present application the coffee vis perfectly lroasted and is cooled' imme diately upon being dumped in the refrigerator 'thus avoiding the volatilization. and oxidation of the oils of the coee, which, in the absence of the carbonic anhydrid, mi ht readily occur upon subject of the hot co ee,

'consists in heating the same until the escap` ing vapors produce a violet color when passed through a solution of fuchsinmixed Withf sulfurous anhydrid, then coolingthe roasted coffee in carbonio 'anhydrid under the exclusion of atmospheric air; substantially as described.

2. The process of roasting coee, which consists in heating the saine and leading escaping gases through a liquid until' the latter assumes a color indicating the roasting ofthe coffee to the extent desired, and then cooling the roasted coffee in carbonio anh drid under the exclusion of atmospheric air, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have signed this specification, at Genoa, in the Kingdom of Italy, this 8th day of February 1907. l'

- EMILIO DE MATTIA. lIn the presence of-` PAOLO Amvonno CAss'Iifus, ANGELO BORAGINO.

In Witness whereof I have signedthis specification at Santos in the Republic of Brazil, this 44 day of March 1907.

i 1 GlACOMO DE MATTIA. 'In the presence of- JAS. C. MELL, HARRY G. Es'rim.. 

